Wang Anshi
Northern Song statesman, reformer and literati. A Jia (甲) daymaster whose reforms and writings reflect a blend of practical governance and literary force.
BaZi Chart
Birth Time Verification
Core Analysis
Wang Anshi's chart centers on a 甲 (Jia) daymaster, showing a Yang Wood self that values growth, principle and visible contribution. The natal presence of strong metal in the branches (申、酉) creates persistent 官杀 pressure—an active authority and conflict factor—while water elements (子) supply 印 energy that nourishes learning and policy conception. This combination produces a classic 伤官配印 tendency: creative, argumentative expression supported by scholarly depth.
In terms of the 五行, Wood (self) is nurtured by Water (印) and challenged by Metal (官/杀). The 十神 layout implies a personality driven to reform (strong官杀 urge to control and manage) yet supported by intellectual resources (印). Hourly 丙寅 brings 食神 and expressive talent: literary ability, persuasive prose, and the capacity to present doctrine with rhetorical force—consistent with his essays, poetry and reform memos.
大运 (Luck Pillars) trace key career phases: 丁酉 (1047–1056, 伤官) aligns with active proposals and local projects; 丙申 (1057–1066, 食神) corresponds to rising influence and policy articulation; 乙未/甲午 periods show strong peer dynamics and rivalry (劫财/比肩) that mirror his factional struggles and eventual removals. Overall, the chart favors reformist initiative and literary expression, but also predicts friction with established power—an accurate mirror of his life path.
Traits
Leadership and Governance
High leadership capacity supported by strong 官杀 presence and a decisive 甲 daymaster. 命理依据: Metal in the branches acts as authority, prompting administrative drive and the willingness to assume charge.
Reformist Courage
Exceptional courage to change systems, reflected in a dominant 伤官 and assertive 大运 phases (丁酉, 丙申). 命理依据: 伤官配印 fuels bold proposals while 印 sustains intellectual justification.
Literary and Rhetorical Talent
Strong literary output tied to the 食神 in the hour pillar (丙寅), which blesses fluent expression and persuasive writing. 命理依据: 食神 manifests as creativity and verbal skill in official documents and poetry.
Political Vulnerability
Susceptible to factional conflict because of competing 劫财/比肩 in key 大运 and persistent 官杀 tension. 命理依据: Periods of 劫财/比肩 increase rivalry and reduce cooperative leverage, explaining repeated dismissals.
Timeline
Accompanied Father to the Capital, Literary Fame Begins
Accompanied his father to Jiankang Prefecture and began to study diligently. During this period, he met Zeng Gong, whose literary talent was appreciated by Zeng Gong, and he was recommended to the literary leader Ouyang Xiu, thus embarking on the path of spreading his literary reputation.
Father's Passing, Filial Piety Moves Heaven
His father, Wang Yi, passed away while in office. Wang Anshi was overwhelmed with grief and observed a three-year mourning period. During this time, he suffered from persistent loss of appetite due to excessive sorrow, demonstrating profound filial piety.
Passing the Imperial Exam, Talent Emerges
In the third month of the second year of the Qingli era, Wang Anshi passed the imperial examination and became a Presented Scholar. He should have been the top scorer, but a phrase in his essay, 'Ruzi Qi Peng,' offended Emperor Renzong's sensibilities, and he was demoted to fourth place. He was appointed as a Collator in the Palace Library and then sent out as a Military Judge for the Huainan East Circuit, officially embarking on his official career.
Water Management in Yin County, Building Dams to Boost Agriculture
While serving as the Magistrate of Yin County, Wang Anshi personally surveyed the water conservancy of the entire county in the eleventh month and organized the people to build long embankments according to local conditions. He focused on renovating Dongqian Lake, significantly enhancing its irrigation capacity, benefiting 500,000 mu of farmland and greatly improving the local drought resistance.
New Policies in Yin County: Early Form of Green Sprouts Loan, Advocating for the People Against Harsh Policies
While serving in Yin County, Wang Anshi boldly experimented with a policy of lending grain to the people, to be repaid with interest after autumn, laying the groundwork for the later famous Green Sprouts Law. At the same time, he firmly opposed the superior department's order to "hire people to capture salt smugglers," which would have increased the people's burden, demonstrating his commitment to advocating for the people.
Writing a Eulogy for a Literary Giant in Shuzhou, Expressing Convictions with His Pen
While serving as the Vice Prefect of Shuzhou, Wang Anshi was shocked to hear of the death of the renowned statesman Fan Zhongyan. He wrote a eulogy honoring him as a "Teacher of a Generation." This act was both a personal remembrance of a predecessor's integrity and a display of the fusion of his political ideals and literary talent.
Recommended by Literary Giant, Ranked Among the 'Four Worthies'
In the seventh month of the first year of the Jiayou era, the literary leader Ouyang Xiu ranked Wang Anshi alongside Lü Gongzhu, Bao Zheng, and Zhang Gui as the 'Four Worthies' and strongly recommended them to the court, greatly enhancing Wang Anshi's political reputation and influence.
Ten-Thousand-Word Memorial Proposing Reforms, Grand Vision for Reform Takes Shape
Wang Anshi presented the "Memorial to Emperor Renzong on State Affairs" to Emperor Renzong of Song, systematically proposing ideas such as reforming institutions, managing finances to nurture the people, and valuing talent, laying the theoretical foundation for the Xining Reforms he would later lead.
Five Times Declining the Position of Collator, Finally Accepting the Appointment
Between the third and fifth months of the fourth year of the Jiayou era, Wang Anshi submitted five memorials, firmly declining the position of Collator in the Institute for the Advancement of Literature, citing the need to uphold the dignity of the imperial examination system. He ultimately accepted the appointment under strong imperial order, demonstrating his principles and political integrity.
Observing Mourning for Mother, Filial Piety First
Due to his mother's illness and death, Wang Anshi resigned from his official position and returned to Jiangning to observe mourning. During this period, he repeatedly declined summons from Emperor Yingzong of Song, demonstrating his adherence to filial piety and lack of desire for power and position.
New Emperor's Appreciation, Return to the Central Government
Emperor Shenzong of Song ascended the throne. Having long admired Wang Anshi's talent and reputation, he appointed him as the Prefect of Jiangning Prefecture. Soon after, he summoned him to the court to serve as a Hanlin Academician and Lecturer-in-waiting, marking his return to the center of power and the beginning of the reform序幕.
Memorial on a Century of Peace, Grand Reform Blueprint Begins
In the fourth month of the first year of the Xining era, Wang Anshi presented the "Memorial on a Century of Peace in Our Dynasty" to Emperor Shenzong of Song. He profoundly analyzed the accumulated shortcomings and crises beneath the surface of the peaceful and prosperous age. With the powerful prose declaring 'the time for great action is precisely today,' he formally initiated the Xining Reforms.
Appointed as Prime Minister, Initiating the Grand Reform
In the third year of the Xining era, Wang Anshi was formally appointed as Tong Zhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi, becoming the Prime Minister. Seizing this opportunity, he forcefully implemented a series of new laws nationwide, including the Green Sprouts Law, the Exempted Service Law, the Market Exchange Law, the Square-Field Equal Tax Law, and the Mutual Security System, historically known as the "Xining Reforms," aimed at enriching the state, strengthening the military, and reforming accumulated shortcomings.
Return to Power, Appointed Prime Minister for the Second Time
In the second month of the eighth year of the Xining era, Wang Anshi was recalled by Emperor Shenzong and appointed as Shangshu Zuopushe concurrently with Menxia Shilang, once again holding the seal of Prime Minister, intending to revitalize the reform cause.
The Edifice Crumbles, Retirement to Jiangning
In the tenth month of the ninth year of the Xining era, due to the death of his eldest son Wang Pang, the deterioration of his own health, and the intensification of internal conflicts within the New Policies faction, Wang Anshi resigned from the position of Prime Minister. He was transferred out as the Military Commissioner of Zhennan Army and Prefect of Jiangning Prefecture, essentially withdrawing from the central political stage from then on.
FAQ
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